F minor · 4 flats

Chords in F minor

F minor has 4 flats, and its notes are F, G, A♭, B♭, C, D♭ and E♭. Its seven chords are Fm, G°, A♭, B♭m, Cm, D♭ and E♭; with sevenths, Fm7, Gm7♭5, A♭maj7, B♭m7, Cm7, D♭maj7 and E♭7. The dominant players actually use, C7, comes from harmonic minor, so all three minor scales are below.

Natural minor

The key signature's own notes. Its v is minor, so it has no leading tone.

Chords of F minor, Natural minor
Degree	Triad	Seventh	Function
i	Fm	Fm7	Tonic
ii°	G°		Subdominant
III			Tonic
iv			Subdominant
v	Cm	Cm7	Dominant
VI			Tonic
VII			Dominant

Harmonic minor

The seventh raised a semitone, which makes V major and V7 a real dominant.

Chords of F minor, Harmonic minor
Degree	Triad	Seventh	Function
i	Fm	FmMaj7	Tonic
ii°	G°		Subdominant
III+			Tonic
iv			Subdominant
V	C	C7	Dominant
VI			Tonic
vii°	E°	E°7	Dominant

Melodic minor

The sixth and seventh both raised, as the melody climbs to the tonic.

Chords of F minor, Melodic minor
Degree	Triad	Seventh	Function
i	Fm	FmMaj7	Tonic
ii	Gm	Gm7	Subdominant
III+			Tonic
IV			Subdominant
V	C	C7	Dominant
vi°	D°		Tonic
vii°	E°		Dominant

Hear where home is

Two short progressions in F minor. The last chord of each is the tonic, and the chord before it is what makes it sound like arriving.

Cadence

Fmi
iv
C7V7
Fmi

Minor ii V i

iiø7
C7V7
Fm7i7

Common progressions in F minor

Minor ii V i iiø7 V7 i7
2. C7
3. Fm7
Andalusian cadence i VII VI V
1. Fm
4. C
i VI III VII i VI III VII
1. Fm

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